Real-time communication relies on transmitting packets of compressed audio/video frames, but freezes occur when packets are lost and not recovered in time. Traditional forward error correction (FEC) adds redundancy to handle losses when retransmission is too slow.
However, traditional FEC schemes are inefficient against the bursty losses common in today’s calls, fail to prioritize timely recovery, and do not optimally adjust to network conditions.
The result: excessive freeze, bandwidth overhead, and latency.

